PhosphoPlus® Optineurin (Ser177) Antibody Duet #63617
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Product Description
PhosphoPlus® Duets from Cell Signaling Technology (CST) provide a means to assess protein activation status. Each Duet contains an activation-state and total protein antibody to your target of interest. These antibodies have been selected from CST's product offering based upon superior performance in specified applications.
Background
Optineurin is a signaling protein involved in maintenance of the Golgi complex, membrane trafficking, NF-κB, and interferon signaling. Mutations in the gene encoding optineurin have been associated with human diseases including glaucoma, Paget disease of bone, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1-2). Optineurin is thought to contribute to these pathologies through regulation of inflammatory signaling, autophagy, and mitophagy (1, 3). The NF-κB-activating kinase/TANK-binding kinase 1 (NAK/TBK1) phosphorylates optineurin at serine 177, regulating optineurin’s role in autophagy and mitophagy (4-6). The tumor suppressor HACE1 ubiquitylates optineurin, promoting the interaction of optineurin with the autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 (7).
Phosphorylation of optineurin at serine 177 by TBK1 enhances binding to LC3 and promotes autophagic clearance (8). Additional studies also suggest that serine 177 is phosphorylated during mitosis by PLK1 (9). In addition to serine 177, TBK1 also phosphorylates optineurin at serine 473 and 513, which can enhance its binding to ubiquitin chains and promote mitophagy (5,6).
Phosphorylation of optineurin at serine 177 by TBK1 enhances binding to LC3 and promotes autophagic clearance (8). Additional studies also suggest that serine 177 is phosphorylated during mitosis by PLK1 (9). In addition to serine 177, TBK1 also phosphorylates optineurin at serine 473 and 513, which can enhance its binding to ubiquitin chains and promote mitophagy (5,6).
- Ying, H. and Yue, B.Y. (2016) Exp Eye Res 144, 73-80.
- Slowicka, K. et al. (2016) Trends Immunol 37, 621-33.
- Markovinovic, A. et al. (2017) Prog Neurobiol 154, 1-20.
- Moore, A.S. and Holzbaur, E.L. (2016) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113, E3349-58.
- Richter, B. et al. (2016) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113, 4039-44.
- Heo, J.M. et al. (2015) Mol Cell 60, 7-20.
- Liu, Z. et al. (2014) Cancer Cell 26, 106-20.
- Wild, P. et al. (2011) Science 333, 228-33.
- Kachaner, D. et al. (2012) Mol Cell 45, 553-66.
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