R Recombinant
Recombinant: Superior lot-to-lot consistency, continuous supply, and animal-free manufacturing.
PYGO2 (F7N8Z) Rabbit mAb #83034
Filter:
- WB
- IP
Supporting Data
| REACTIVITY | H M R Mk |
| SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
| MW (kDa) | 50-60 |
| Source/Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
Application Key:
- WB-Western Blotting
- IP-Immunoprecipitation
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- H-Human
- M-Mouse
- R-Rat
- Mk-Monkey
Product Information
Product Usage Information
| Application | Dilution |
|---|---|
| Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
| Immunoprecipitation | 1:50 |
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/mL BSA, 50% glycerol, and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
PYGO2 (F7N8Z) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total PYGO2 protein.
Species Reactivity:
Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of human PYGO2 protein.
Background
Stem cells are important for tissue homeostasis and regeneration and can serve as originating cells for some cancers. Understanding how their differentiation is regulated by epigenetic programs and signaling at the cell membrane should help elucidate the biology of heterogeneous tumor cells (1-3). The Pygopus (PYGO) family of proteins was first discovered in Drosophila and later in Xenopus (1-3). Of the two human PYGO homologs, PYGO2 is more widely expressed and functionally characterized (3).
Genetic studies have shown PYGO2 as a component of canonical Wnt signaling (1-3). With a highly conserved plant homeodomain (PHD) in its C-terminus, PYGO2 binds epigenetic marks and activates gene expression. Evidence suggests that PYGO2 modulates transcription through both Wnt and Notch pathways (2-3). Dysregulation and increased expression of PYGO2 have been observed in several malignancies: breast (4,5), ovarian, colon (6,7), and prostate (8,9).
The role of PYGO2 in immuno-oncology is being actively investigated. Loss of PYGO2 results in increased activation and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and sensitizes tumor cells to killing (9). Increased PYGO2 has been shown to result in an aberrant tumor microenvironment hostile to CTLs. Pharmacological targeting of PYGO2 enhances the efficacy of immunotherapies when combined with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) (9).
Genetic studies have shown PYGO2 as a component of canonical Wnt signaling (1-3). With a highly conserved plant homeodomain (PHD) in its C-terminus, PYGO2 binds epigenetic marks and activates gene expression. Evidence suggests that PYGO2 modulates transcription through both Wnt and Notch pathways (2-3). Dysregulation and increased expression of PYGO2 have been observed in several malignancies: breast (4,5), ovarian, colon (6,7), and prostate (8,9).
The role of PYGO2 in immuno-oncology is being actively investigated. Loss of PYGO2 results in increased activation and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and sensitizes tumor cells to killing (9). Increased PYGO2 has been shown to result in an aberrant tumor microenvironment hostile to CTLs. Pharmacological targeting of PYGO2 enhances the efficacy of immunotherapies when combined with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) (9).
- Horsley, V. (2009) J Cell Biol 185, 761-3.
- Schwab, K.R. et al. (2007) BMC Biol 5, 15.
- Gu, B. et al. (2013) Cell Stem Cell 13, 48-61.
- Zhang, Z.M. et al. (2016) Oncogene 35, 4787-97.
- Saxena, M. et al. (2020) Cancer Res 80, 3631-3648.
- Talla, S.B. and Brembeck, F.H. (2016) Oncotarget 7, 80612-80632.
- Soleymani, S. et al. (2019) J Histotechnol 42, 98-103.
- Lu, X. et al. (2018) Cancer Res 78, 3823-3833.
- Zhu, Y. et al. (2023) Sci Immunol 8, eade4656.
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