Phospho-FoxO4 (Ser193) Antibody #9471
Filter:
- WB
Supporting Data
REACTIVITY | H Hm |
SENSITIVITY | Endogenous |
MW (kDa) | 70 |
SOURCE | Rabbit |
Application Key:
- WB-Western Blotting
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- H-Human
- Hm-Hamster
Product Information
Product Usage Information
Application | Dilution |
---|---|
Western Blotting | 1:1000 |
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-Fox04 (Ser193) Antibody detects endogenous levels of Fox04 only when phosphorylated at serine 193. The antibody may detect phospho-Fox01.
Species Reactivity:
Human, Hamster
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser256 of human Fox01. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Background
The Forkhead family of transcription factors is involved in tumorigenesis of rhabdomyosarcoma and acute leukemias (1-3). Within the family, three members (FoxO1, FoxO4, and FoxO3a) have sequence similarity to the nematode orthologue DAF-16, which mediates signaling via a pathway involving IGFR1, PI3K, and Akt (4-6). Active forkhead members act as tumor suppressors by promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Increased expression of any FoxO member results in the activation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27 Kip1. Forkhead transcription factors also play a part in TGF-β-mediated upregulation of p21 Cip1, a process negatively regulated through PI3K (7). Increased proliferation results when forkhead transcription factors are inactivated through phosphorylation by Akt at Thr24, Ser256, and Ser319, which results in nuclear export and inhibition of transcription factor activity (8). Forkhead transcription factors can also be inhibited by the deacetylase sirtuin (SirT1) (9).
- Anderson, M.J. et al. (1998) Genomics 47, 187-99.
- Galili, N. et al. (1993) Nat Genet 5, 230-5.
- Borkhardt, A. et al. (1997) Oncogene 14, 195-202.
- Nakae, J. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 15982-5.
- Rena, G. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17179-83.
- Guo, S. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17184-92.
- Seoane, J. et al. (2004) Cell 117, 211-23.
- Arden, K.C. (2004) Mol Cell 14, 416-8.
- Yang, Y. et al. (2005) EMBO J 24, 1021-32.
限制使用
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For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
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