N1-Methyladenosine (m1A) (E8S7H) Rabbit mAb #37739

N1-methyladenosine (m1A) is a post-transcriptional modification found in various RNA subtypes. Even though m1A was first isolated in the 1960s, lack of tools and reagents have made interrogating the epitranscriptomic landscape challenging (1,2). Most tRNAs are modified at the A58 position, which is conserved across species. Methylation at the N1 position of A58 confers a positive charge at the elbow region of the tRNA tertiary structure and does so without disrupting hydrogen bond interactions, ultimately stabilizing it (3). The enzyme complex responsible for deposition of the m1A mark on tRNA is conserved from yeast to humans. It consists of the enzymatic protein TRM61 and the substrate recognition protein TRM6 (4,5) N1-methyladenosine is also found on rRNA, and is deposited by Rrp8 in yeast and NML in mammals (6,7). The 28S rRNA undergoes methylation at position 645 in Helix 25.1, promoting 60S subunit formation (6). In mRNA, m1A modification is also present, but the relative abundance is still being quantified through various sequencing techniques (8-10). It seems most mRNA m1A sites are catalyzed by TRM6/61 and results in transcriptional repression due to the disruption of base pairing (9).

m1A, much like m6A, can be erased by various enzymes. ALKBH1 has been shown to erase the m1A mark on tRNAs, resulting in reduced translational initiation, which responds to the availability of glucose (11). ALKBH3 has also been shown to erase m1A marks from mRNA transcripts (8).