Exportin-1/CRM1 (D6V7N) Rabbit mAb #46249

Exportins are a family of seven proteins that are responsible for intracellular transport. Exportin-1, also known as chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1), is a protein essential for nuclear export of hundreds of proteins, mRNAs, and rRNAs (1-3). Exportin-1 binds to substrates with nuclear export signals (NESs) rich in leucine and other hydrophobic amino acids (4). These hydrophobic sequences form an alpha-helix-loop that can bind to the exportin-1 hydrophobic groove (5). Studies have shown that these NESs can be modified either by protein modifications or by mutation to regulate exportin-1 binding (6-7). Targets of exportin-1 include many tumor suppressors, such as Rb, p53, FoxO1, BAF47, as well as oncoproteins, such as p21 and p27 (1). In addition, Myc can upregulate exportin-1 during biogenesis, where it can export newly formed 40S and 60S subunits from the nucleoli (8-9).

Inhibition of nuclear export has been pursued for therapeutic application since the finding that leptomycin B could suppress HIV replication by suppressing the ability of exportin-1 to export the HIV-1 protein Rev (2, 10). Overexpression of exportin-1 has been associated with poor prognosis in various cancer types (11-13). Genomic approaches and development of inhibitors have identified exportin-1 as a druggable target (14-16). The use of various inhibitors of exportin-1 is also being explored in various antiviral therapies (17-18).