CCL3/MIP-1α (F2M8Q) Rabbit mAb (BSA and Azide Free) #90323

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3), also known as macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), is a 10 kDa member of the C-C or β family of chemokines that play key roles in immune surveillance, inflammation, and infection (1). CCL3 shares 68% amino acid identity with CCL4 (MIP-1β) and 94% amino acid identity with LD78β (1). CCL3 is produced by activated monocytes, activated macrophages, NK cells, and T cells (1). There are two receptors for CCL3: CCR1 and CCR5 (1). CCL3 inhibits R5 HIV-1 infection by competing with the virus for its co-receptor, CCR5 (1). CCL3 possesses hematopoietic stem cell inhibitory activity, suppressing their proliferation, but has been shown to promote proliferation of more mature progenitors (2-4). CCL3 has been implicated in several forms of leukemia, in which malignant cells may lose responsiveness to CCL3 or produce high levels of CCL3 (2). CCL3 polymorphisms are associated with risk for the development of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis (5,6). CCL3 expression is upregulated in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with dementia, and reduced expression of CCL3 is observed in AD patients resilient to dementia (7).