APC2 Antibody #12301

Cell proliferation in all eukaryotic cells depends strictly upon the ubiquitin ligase (E3) activity of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), whose main function is to trigger the transition of the cell cycle from metaphase to anaphase. APC/C performs its various functions by promoting the assembly of polyubiquitin chains on substrate proteins, which targets these proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome (1,2). In humans, twelve different APC/C subunits have been identified. Like all E3 enzymes, APC/C utilizes ubiquitin residues that have been activated by E1 enzymes and then transferred to E2 enzymes. Indeed, APC/C has been shown to interact with UBE2S and UBE2C E2 enzymes, in part, via the RING-finger domain-containing subunit, APC11 (3-5). APC/C activity is also strictly dependent upon its association with multiple cofactors. For example, the related proteins, Cdc20 and Cdh1/FZR1, participate in the recognition of APC/C substrates by interacting with specific recognition elements in these substrates (6), called D-boxes (7) and KEN-boxes (8).
Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 2 (APC2) is a distant member of the cullin family (9,10) that interacts with a RING-H2 finger protein related to Rbx1/Hrt1/Roc1, called APC11, to form the catalytic subcomplex of the APC/C. The APC2/11 subcomplex recruits E2 enzymes such as UBE2C/UBCH10 and is required for the APC/C to catalyze substrate ubiquitination (11). Therefore, APC is a member of the expanding family of cullin-RING finger-based ubiquitin ligases. The physiologic importance of APC2 was underscored by the finding that disruption of murine Apc2 causes embryonic lethality (12).