AIF (D39D2) XP^® Rabbit mAb (Sepharose Bead Conjugate) recognizes endogenous levels of total AIF protein.

Bovine, Dog

Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to redidues surrounding Ala520 of human AIF protein.

This Cell Signaling Technology antibody is immobilized via covalent binding of primary amino groups to N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-activated Sepharose beads. AIF (D39D2) XP^® Rabbit mAb (Sepharose Bead Conjugate) is useful for the immunoprecipitation of AIF. The antibody is expected to exhibit the same species cross-reactivity as the unconjugated AIF (D39D2) XP^® Rabbit mAb #5318.

Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF, PDCD8) is a ubiquitously expressed flavoprotein that plays a critical role in caspase-independent apoptosis (reviewed in 1,2). AIF is normally localized to the mitochondrial intermembrane space and released in response to apoptotic stimuli (3). Treatment of isolated nuclei with recombinant AIF leads to early apoptotic events, such as chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation (3). Studies of AIF knockout mice have shown that the apoptotic activity of AIF is cell type and stimuli-dependent. Also noted was that AIF was required for embryoid body cavitation, representing the first wave of programmed cell death during embryonic morphogenesis (4). Structural analysis of AIF revealed two important regions, the first having oxidoreductase activity and the second being a potential DNA binding domain (3,5). While AIF is redox-active and can behave as an NADH oxidase, this activity is not required for inducing apoptosis (6). Instead, recent studies suggest that AIF has dual functions, a pro-apoptotic activity in the nucleus via its DNA binding and an anti-apoptotic activity via the scavenging of free radicals through its oxidoreductase activity (2,7).